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Pyura doppelgangera : ウィキペディア英語版
Pyura doppelgangera

''Pyura doppelgangera'' (doppelganger cunjevoi) is a sessile ascidian, or sea squirt, that lives in coastal waters of Australasia attached to rocks or artificial structures.
== Distribution ==
This species is particularly common in Tasmania.〔Rius, M., and Teske, P. R. (2013) Cryptic diversity in coastal Australasia: a morphological and mito-nuclear genetic analysis of habitat-forming sibling species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 168:597-611; article available at https://sites.google.com/site/drpeterteske/all-publications.〕 It has also been reported from South Gippsland, Victoria (Port Welshpool and Port Albert), South Australia (Adelaide) and the extreme north of New Zealand's North Island.〔 Genetic data from rapidly mutating microsatellites indicate that the species is native to Tasmania and that all non-Tasmanian populations were introduced through human activities during the period of European settlement.〔Teske, P. R., Sandoval-Castillo, J., Waters, J., and Beheregaray, L. B. (2014) Can novel genetic analyses help to identify low-dispersal marine invasive species? Ecology and Evolution 4(14): 2848-2866; article available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ece3.1129/full.〕 The invasion success of the introduced populations varies depending on the presence of suitable substrates. While the species is rapidly expanding its range in New Zealand (where rocky shore habitat is continuous), the invasion of South Australia has stalled because the region mostly has sandy beaches, and settlement is limited to artificial structures.〔Teske, P. R., Sandoval-Castillo, J., Sasaki, M., and Beheregaray, L. B. (2015) Invasion success of a habitat-forming marine invertebrate is limited by lower-than-expected dispersal ability. Marine Ecology Progress Series 536:221-227; article available at: https://sites.google.com/site/drpeterteske/all-publications.〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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